BACKGROUND:
The human body is composed of organs that are part of
different body systems that allow the human body to work. The design of
the body will be explored as well as the different tissues that combine
to make the different organs such as the heart and lungs. In addition,
the organs that combine into systems such as the skeletal system or digestive
systems need to be explored, since these systems works in groups to serve
the needs of the human body. Students need to become more familiar
with the interior of their bodies. At this grade, some of the students
are becoming aware of changes in their own bodies and older friends or
siblings.
Human bodies vary a little from person to person, not only in
the visible aspects of size and shape but also in the placement of internal
organs. Human bodies, however, do follow a general pattern.
No part of the human body works in isolation; each part does its job, day
and night, supported and aided by all the other organs.
PROCEDURE:
- Use the Human Body slideshow to review major portions of the
body.
- Use the Human Body Placemat to review the organs
of the body. Quiz students to see if they know where the organs are
by having select students locate parts of the body.
- Also discuss the major systems of the human body and
their functions. Use the human torso to point out the different internal
organs.
- Read or sing Skeletal Hip Hop with your students. Discuss the skeletal and muscular systems of the
human body. The skeletal model can help you show the
different parts. Have the students find some of the bones figured on
the placemat on their body.
Bone tissue varies in hardness. The outside of most bones
is very hard. Minerals give bone tissue its hardness. Inside
the bones is a soft material called marrow. Cartilage is generally
found at the ends of bones that move against one another. Cartilage
is a smooth, flexible material that is tissue. Ligaments are
tissues that may be found at the ends of bones if the bones are still held
together. There are 206 bones in an adult skeletal system.
Bones articulate at joints and are held together there and allowed
to move with the help of ligaments. Bones and muscles are attached
to each other by means of tendons. This combination of muscle and
bone provides an extraordinarily effective means of movement.
